DenVogue
Fabrics
- Fabric is a flexible textile structure usually made from yarns by specially interlocking process.
- A group of fibers have been aligned together and twisted to form a continuous strand called the Yarn.
- Fibers are the smallest part of the fabric. They are fine hair like substances categorized as either natural or man made.
- So the Basic raw materials of Fabric is fibers
- You can say that Fabrics are made by applying the different process to a fiber or combination of different fibers.
Fibers to Fabrics
Fibers
- Fibers are the smallest part of the fabric. They are fine hair like substances categorized as either natural or man made.
- Types of Fibers (Based on their length )
1) Short Fibers – Staple Fibers
2) Long Fibers – Filament Fiber
- Types or Fibers Based on their origin )
1) Natural fibers : The fibers which are taken from natural sources are called natural fibers.
2) Man Made Fibers : The fibers which are produce from chemical compound are called manmade fibers.
Natural fibers used in clothes
Plant fibers: 1) Cotton and 2) Linen
Cotton -
Cotton taken from cotton plant.
Cotton characteristics: – Good absorbency, Drapes well, Good strength, Dry-cleanable and Washes well, Comfortable, Pleasing appearance, Retains dyes well, Wrinkles easily
One of the oldest fabric in India. Widely used in India.
Specially cotton clothes are used as routine life clothes.
Linen -
Linen is a cellulosic fibers made from the stem of the flax plant.
Linen Characteristics – good strength (twice the of cotton), hand-washable, dry-cleanable, Excellent absorbency, low elasticity, feels cool to the touch due to its heat conductivity, Similar to cotton its wrinkles easily
Linen is the comfortable fabric for hot atmosphere. Now a days it widely used in clothes.
Animal Fibers used in Clothes
Animal Fibers – (1) Wool & (2) Silk
Wool -
Wool is a protein fiber obtained from the hair of the sheep. It is as thin as human hair.
Characteristic:- Air can not pass, Warm in nature, Burns slowly
Wool is widely used for winter cloths.
Silk -
Silk is obtained from the cocoon of bombyx mori whose larvae feeds on mulberry leaves.
Characteristics: – Fine, rich subdued lustrous fiber, Porous, which allows the skin to breathe, Takes dye very well, provides warmth without the weight or itch of wool, one of the strongest natural fiber, looses strength when wet, sensitive in heat, Little elasticity, Slight feeling of resistance when rubbed.
Silk is know as the queen of the cloths. It is widely used in clothes for special occasion like festivals, Marriage, Party or any other family event.
Silk is naturally occurring filament fiber
Man made Fibers used in Clothes
Polyester
Polyester -
Polyester, also known as Terelene, is one of the most commonly used synthetic fibers. Polyester is thermoplastic in nature. It is also an easy care fiber and can be made into wash and wear fabrics.
Characteristic: – Good strength, Light in weight, not show wrinkling and creasing either, not absorbent, which makes them difficult to dye and remove stains from, Poor conductors of heat, they are unsuitable for warm weather wear.
They show pilling and static build up.
Different Types of Fabrics available in Market
Chiffon -
A plain woven lightweight, extremely sheer, airy, and soft silk fabric, containing highly twisted filament yarns. The fabric, used mainly in evening dresses and scarves, can also be made from rayon and other manufactured fibers.
The softest and most flimsy of cloths in a plain weave structure. Both the warp and the weft threads are heavily twisted (crepe). The difference between a crepe de chine and chiffon is that the weft yarn is either a Z or S twist. The characteristic wrinkles are caused by the weft being pulled in one direction. The name is derived from ‘chiffen’, the French word for rag or flimsy cloth.
